- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/133/403
- Title:
- Light curve of 11 type Ia supernovae
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/133/403
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a set of 11 Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) light curves with dense, premaximum sampling. These supernovae (SNe), in galaxies behind the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), were discovered by the SuperMACHO survey. The SNe span a redshift range of z=0.11-0.35. Our light curves contain some of the earliest premaximum observations of SNe Ia to date. We also give a functional model that describes the SN Ia light-curve shape (in our VR band). Our function uses the "expanding fireball" model of Goldhaber et al. (1998AAS...193.4713G) to describe the rising light curve immediately after explosion but constrains it to smoothly join the remainder of the light curve. We fit this model to a composite observed VR-band light curve of three SNe between redshifts of 0.135 and 0.165. These SNe have not been K-corrected or adjusted to account for reddening. In this redshift range, the observed VR band most closely matches the rest-frame V band. Using the best fit to our functional description of the light curve, we find the time between explosion and observed VR-band maximum to be 17.6+/-1.3(stat+/-0.07(sys) rest-frame days for a SN Ia with a VR-band {Delta}m_10_ of 0.52mag. For the redshifts sampled, the observed VR-band time of maximum brightness should be the same as the rest-frame V-band maximum to within 1.1 rest-frame days.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/192/1
- Title:
- Light-curve parameters from the SNLS
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/192/1
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We combine high-redshift Type Ia supernovae from the first three years of the Supernova Legacy Survey (SNLS) with other supernova (SN) samples, primarily at lower redshifts, to form a high-quality joint sample of 472 SNe (123 low-z, 93 SDSS, 242 SNLS, and 14 Hubble Space Telescope). SN data alone require cosmic acceleration at >99.999% confidence, including systematic effects. For the dark energy equation of state parameter (assumed constant out to at least z=1.4) in a flat universe, we find w=-0.91^+0.16^_-0.20_(stat)^+0.07^_-0.14_(sys) from SNe only, consistent with a cosmological constant. Our fits include a correction for the recently discovered relationship between host-galaxy mass and SN absolute brightness. We pay particular attention to systematic uncertainties, characterizing them using a systematic covariance matrix that incorporates the redshift dependence of these effects, as well as the shape-luminosity and color-luminosity relationships. Unlike previous work, we include the effects of systematic terms on the empirical light-curve models. The total systematic uncertainty is dominated by calibration terms. We describe how the systematic uncertainties can be reduced with soon to be available improved nearby and intermediate-redshift samples, particularly those calibrated onto USNO/SDSS-like systems.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/700/1097
- Title:
- Light curve parameters of SN Ia
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/700/1097
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We combine the CfA3 supernovae Type Ia (SN Ia) sample with samples from the literature to calculate improved constraints on the dark energy equation of state parameter, w. The CfA3 sample is added to the Union set of Kowalski et al. (2008, Cat. J/ApJ/686/749) to form the Constitution set and, combined with a baryonic acoustic oscillations (BAO) prior, produces 1+w=0.013^+0.066^_-0.068_ (0.11syst), consistent with the cosmological constant. The CfA3 addition makes the cosmologically useful sample of nearby SN Ia between 2.6 and 2.9 times larger than before, reducing the statistical uncertainty to the point where systematics play the largest role. We use four light-curve fitters to test for systematic differences: SALT, SALT2, MLCS2k2 (RV=3.1), and MLCS2k2 (RV=1.7).
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/190/418
- Title:
- Light curves for 165 SNe
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/190/418
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present BVRI light curves of 165 Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) from the Lick Observatory Supernova Search follow-up photometry program from 1998 through 2008. Our light curves are typically well sampled (cadence of 3-4 days) with an average of 21 photometry epochs. We describe our monitoring campaign and the photometry reduction pipeline that we have developed. Comparing our data set to that of Hicken et al., with which we have 69 overlapping supernovae (SNe), we find that as an ensemble the photometry is consistent, with only small overall systematic differences, although individual SNe may differ by as much as 0.1 mag, and occasionally even more. Such disagreement in specific cases can have significant implications for combining future large data sets. We present an analysis of our light curves which includes template fits of light-curve shape parameters useful for calibrating SNe Ia as distance indicators. Assuming the B-V color of SNe Ia at 35 days past maximum light can be presented as the convolution of an intrinsic Gaussian component and a decaying exponential attributed to host-galaxy reddening, we derive an intrinsic scatter of {sigma}=0.076+/-0.019mag, consistent with the Lira-Phillips law. This is the first of two papers, the second of which will present a cosmological analysis of the data presented herein.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/819/35
- Title:
- Light curves of four transients from PTF & SNLS
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/819/35
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present observations of four rapidly rising (t_rise_~10days) transients with peak luminosities between those of supernovae (SNe) and superluminous SNe (M_peak_~-20) --one discovered and followed by the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) and three by the Supernova Legacy Survey (SNLS). The light curves resemble those of SN 2011kl, recently shown to be associated with an ultra-long-duration gamma-ray burst (GRB), though no GRB was seen to accompany our SNe. The rapid rise to a luminous peak places these events in a unique part of SN phase space, challenging standard SN emission mechanisms. Spectra of the PTF event formally classify it as an SN II due to broad H{alpha} emission, but an unusual absorption feature, which can be interpreted as either high velocity H{alpha} (though deeper than in previously known cases) or SiII (as seen in SNe Ia), is also observed. We find that existing models of white dwarf detonations, CSM interaction, shock breakout in a wind (or steeper CSM), and magnetar spin down cannot readily explain the observations. We consider the possibility that a "Type 1.5 SN" scenario could be the origin of our events.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/741/97
- Title:
- Light curves of Ibc supernovae
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/741/97
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present detailed optical photometry for 25 Type Ibc supernovae (SNe Ibc) within d~150Mpc obtained with the robotic Palomar 60 inch telescope in 2004-2007. This study represents the first uniform, systematic, and statistical sample of multi-band SNe Ibc light curves available to date. We correct the light curves for host galaxy extinction using a new technique based on the photometric color evolution, namely, we show that the (V-R) color of extinction-corrected SNe Ibc at {Delta}t~10days after V-band maximum is tightly distributed, <(V-R)_V10_>=0.26+/-0.06mag. Using this technique, we find that SNe Ibc typically suffer from significant host galaxy extinction, <E(B-V)>~0.4mag. A comparison of the extinction-corrected light curves for helium-rich (Type Ib) and helium-poor (Type Ic) SNe reveals that they are statistically indistinguishable, both in luminosity and decline rate. We report peak absolute magnitudes of <M_R_>=-17.9+/-0.9 mag and <M_R_>=-18.3+/-0.6mag for SNe Ib and Ic, respectively.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/112/2408
- Title:
- Light Curves of 29 SNe
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/112/2408
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- BV(RI)_KC_ (see Bessel, 1990PASP..102.1181B) light curves are presented for 27 type Ia supernovae discovered during the course of the Calan/Tololo Survey and for two other SNe Ia observed during the same period. Estimates of the maximum light magnitudes in the B, V, and I bands and the initial decline rate parameter {Delta}m_15_(B) are also given.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/other/Nat/491.228
- Title:
- Light curves of 2 superluminous supernovae
- Short Name:
- J/other/Nat/491.
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A rare class of 'superluminous' supernovae that are about ten or more times more luminous at their peaks than other types of luminous supernova has recently been found at low to intermediate redshifts. A small subset of these events have luminosities that evolve slowly and result in radiated energies of up to about 10<SUP>51</SUP>ergs. Therefore, they are probably examples of 'pair-instability' or 'pulsational pair-instability' supernovae with estimated progenitor masses of 100 to 250 times that of the Sun. These events are exceedingly rare at low redshift, but are expected to be more common at high redshift because the mass distribution of the earliest stars was probably skewed to high values. Here we report the detection of two superluminous supernovae, at redshifts of 2.05 and 3.90, that have slowly evolving light curves. We estimate the rate of events at redshifts of 2 and 4 to be approximately ten times higher than the rate at low redshift. The extreme luminosities of superluminous supernovae extend the redshift limit for supernova detection using present technology, previously 2.36, and provide a way of investigating the deaths of the first generation of stars to form after the Big Bang.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/643/A35
- Title:
- Light curves of 5 supernovae
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/643/A35
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Rapid variability before and near the maximum brightness of supernovae has the potential to provide a better understanding of nearly every aspect of supernovae, from the physics of the explosion up to their progenitors and the circumstellar environment. Thanks to modern time-domain optical surveys, which are discovering supernovae in the early stage of their evolution, we have the unique opportunity to capture their intraday behavior before maximum. We present high-cadence photometric monitoring (on the order of seconds-minutes) of the optical light curves of three Type Ia and two Type II SNe over several nights before and near maximum light, using the fast imagers available on the 2.3m Aristarchos telescope at Helmos Observatory and the 1.2m telescope at Kryoneri Observatory in Greece. We applied differential aperture photometry techniques using optimal apertures and we present reconstructed light curves after implementing a seeing correction and the Trend Filtering Algorithm (TFA, Kovacs et al. 2005MNRAS.356..557K). TFA yielded the best results, achieving a typical precision between 0.01 and 0.04mag. We did not detect significant bumps with amplitudes greater than 0.05mag in any of the SNe targets in the VR-, R-, and I- bands light curves obtained. We measured the intraday slope for each light curve, which ranges between -0.37-0.36mag/d in broadband VR, -0.19-0.31mag/d in R band, and -0.13-0.10mag/d in I band. We used SNe light curve fitting templates for SN 2018gv, SN 2018hgc and SN 2018hhn to photometrically classify the light curves and to calculate the time of maximum. We provide values for the maximum of SN 2018zd after applying a low-order polynomial fit and SN 2018hhn for the first time. We conclude that optimal aperture photometry in combination with TFA provides the highest-precision light curves for SNe that are relatively well separated from the centers of their host galaxies. This work aims to inspire the use of ground-based, high-cadence and high-precision photometry to study SNe with the purpose of revealing clues and properties of the explosion environment of both core-collapse and Type Ia supernovae, the explosion mechanisms, binary star interaction and progenitor channels. We suggest monitoring early supernovae light curves in hotter (bluer) bands with a cadence of hours as a promising way of investigating the post-explosion photometric behavior of the progenitor stars.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/700/331
- Title:
- Light curves of type Ia supernovae (CfA3)
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/700/331
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present multiband photometry of 185 type-Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), with over 11500 observations. These were acquired between 2001 and 2008 at the F. L. Whipple Observatory of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA). This sample contains the largest number of homogeneously observed and reduced nearby SNe Ia (z<~0.08) published to date. It more than doubles the nearby sample, bringing SN Ia cosmology to the point where systematic uncertainties dominate. Our natural system photometry has a precision of <~0.02mag in BVRIr'i' and <~0.04 mag in U for points brighter than 17.5mag. We also estimate a systematic uncertainty of 0.03mag in our SN Ia standard system BVRIr'i' photometry and 0.07mag for U. Comparisons of our standard system photometry with published SN Ia light curves and comparison stars, where available for the same SN, reveal agreement at the level of a few hundredths mag in most cases. We find that 1991bg-like SNe Ia are sufficiently distinct from other SNe Ia in their color and light-curve-shape/luminosity relation that they should be treated separately in light-curve/distance fitter training samples.
