- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/557/A70
- Title:
- Evolved planet hosts - stellar parameters
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/557/A70
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- It is still being debated whether the well-known metallicity - giant planet correlation for dwarf stars is also valid for giant stars. For this reason, having precise metallicities is very important. Precise stellar parameters are also crucial to planetary research for several other reasons. Different methods can provide different results that lead to discrepancies in the analysis of planet hosts. To study the impact of different analyses on the metallicity scale for evolved stars, we compare different iron line lists to use in the atmospheric parameter derivation of evolved stars. Therefore, we use a sample of 71 evolved stars with planets. With these new homogeneous parameters, we revisit the metallicity - giant planet connection for evolved stars. A spectroscopic analysis based on Kurucz models in local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) was performed through the MOOG code to derive the atmospheric parameters. Two different iron line list sets were used, one built for cool FGK stars in general, and the other for giant FGK stars. Masses were calculated through isochrone fitting, using the Padova models. Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests (K-S tests) were then performed on the metallicity distributions of various different samples of evolved stars and red giants. All parameters compare well using a line list set, designed specifically for cool and solar-like stars to provide more accurate temperatures. All parameters derived with this line list set are preferred and are thus adopted for future analysis. We find that evolved planet hosts are more metal-poor than dwarf stars with giant planets. However, a bias in giant stellar samples that are searched for planets is present. Because of a colour cut-off, metal-rich low-gravity stars are left out of the samples, making it hard to compare dwarf stars with giant stars. Furthermore, no metallicity enhancement is found for red giants with planets (logg<3.0dex) with respect to red giants without planets.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/574/A39
- Title:
- Exoplaneraty systems fundamental parameters
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/574/A39
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We assess the importance of tidal evolution and its interplay with magnetic braking in the population of hot-Jupiter planetary systems. By minimizing the total mechanical energy of a given system under the constraint of stellar angular momentum loss, we rigorously find the conditions for the existence of dynamical equilibrium states. We estimate their duration, in particular when the wind torque spinning down the star is almost compensated for by the tidal torque spinning it up. We introduce dimensionless variables to characterize the tidal evolution of observed hot Jupiter systems and discuss their spin and orbital states using generalized Darwin diagrams based on our new approach. We show that their orbital properties are related to the effective temperature of their host stars. The long-term evolution of planets orbiting F- and G-type stars is significantly different owing to the combined effect of magnetic braking and tidal dissipation. The existence of a quasi-stationary state, in the case of short-period planets, can significantly delay their tidal evolution that would otherwise bring the planet to fall into its host star. Most of the planets known to orbit F-type stars are presently found to be near this stationary state, probably in a configuration not too far from what they had when their host star settled on the zero-age main sequence. Considering the importance of angular momentum loss in the early stages of stellar evolution, our results indicate that it has to be considered to properly test the migration scenarios of planetary system formation.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/586/A94
- Title:
- Exoplanetary parameters for 18 bright stars
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/586/A94
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the interferometric angular diameters of 18 bright stars: HD3651 , HD9826, HD19994, HD75732, HD167042, HD170693, HD173416, HD185395, HD190360, HD217014, HD221345, HD1367, HD1671, HD154633, HD161178, HD161151, HD209369, HD218560. The first 11 host exoplanets (except HD185395). We combined these angular diameters {theta}_LD_ with the stellar distances to estimate the stellar radii. We perform SED fitting of the photometry to derive the stars bolometric flux Fbol with and without stellar extinction Av. We then give the effective temperature Teff_SED_ and angular diameter {theta}_SED_ from this SED fit, considering fixed Av, metallicity [Fe/H] and gravity log(g). Then, taking into account the stellar extinction, we derived from the bolometric flux and the measured angular diameters the effective temperature and luminosity to place the stars on the H-R diagram. We then used the PARSEC models to derive the best fit ages and masses of the stars, with error bars derived from Monte Carlo calculations. Typically, for main sequence stars, two distinct sets of solutions appear (an old and a young age). For stars that host known exoplanets, we also derive the exoplanets parameters considering the two different solutions (old and young): semi-major axis, planetary minimum mass and habitable zone of the host stars. Finally, we give the true mass, radius and density of the transiting exoplanet 55 Cnc e using the inteferometric radius and photometry.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/463/1780
- Title:
- Exoplanet candidates in Praesepe (M 44)
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/463/1780
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- In this work we keep pushing K2 data to a high photometric precision, close to that of the Kepler main mission, using a PSF-based, neighbour-subtraction technique, which also overcome the dilution effects in crowded environments. We analyse the open cluster M 44 (NGC 2632), observed during the K2 Campaign 5, and extract light curves of stars imaged on module 14, where most of the cluster lies. We present two candidate exoplanets hosted by cluster members and five by field stars. As a by-product of our investigation, we find 1680 eclipsing binaries and variable stars, 1071 of which are new discoveries. Among them, we report the presence of a heartbeat binary star. Together with this work, we release to the community a catalogue with the variable stars and the candidate exoplanets found, as well as all our raw and detrended light curves.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/142/176
- Title:
- Exoplanet host stars. II. Speckle interferometry
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/142/176
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A study of the host stars to exoplanets is important for understanding their environment. To that end, we report new speckle observations of a sample of exoplanet host primaries. The bright exoplanet host HD 8673 (= HIP 6702) is revealed to have a companion, although at this time we cannot definitively establish the companion as physical or optical. The observing lists for planet searches and for these observations have for the most part been pre-screened for known duplicity, so the detected binary fraction is lower than what would otherwise be expected. Therefore, a large number of double stars were observed contemporaneously for verification and quality control purposes, to ensure that the lack of detection of companions for exoplanet hosts was valid. In these additional observations, 10 pairs are resolved for the first time and 60 pairs are confirmed.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/649/A156
- Title:
- Exoplanet host stars SPHERE multiplicity survey
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/649/A156
- Date:
- 22 Feb 2022
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We are studying the influence of stellar multiplicity on exoplanet systems and, in particular, systems that have been detected via radial-velocity searches. We are specifically interested in the closest companions as they would have a strong influence on the evolution of the original planet-forming disks. In this study, we present new companions that have been detected during our ongoing survey of exoplanet hosts with VLT/SPHERE (Spectro-Polarimetric High-Contrast Exoplanet Research). We are using the extreme adaptive optics imager SPHERE at the ESO/VLT to search for faint (sub)stellar companions. We utilized the classical coronagraphic imaging mode to perform a snapshot survey (3-6min integration time) of exoplanet host stars in the K_S_-band. We detected new stellar companions to the exoplanet host stars HD 1666, HIP 68468, HIP 107773, and HD 109271. With an angular separation of only 0.38arcsec (40au of projected separation), HIP 107773 is among the closest companions found for exoplanet host stars. The presence of the stellar companion explains the linear radial-velocity trend seen in the system. At such a small separation, the companion likely had a significant influence on the evolution of the planet-forming disk around the primary star. We find that the companion in the HD 1666 system may well be responsible for the high orbit eccentricity (0.63) of the detected Jupiter class planet, making this system one of only a few where such a connection can be established. A cross-match with the Gaia DR2 catalog shows, furthermore, that the near infrared faint companion around HD 109271 was detected in the optical and it is significantly brighter than in the near infrared, making it a white dwarf companion.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/613/A41
- Title:
- 5 exoplanet light and RV curves
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/613/A41
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The measurement of the orbital obliquity of hot Jupiters, with different physical characteristics, can provide clues to the mechanisms of migration and orbital evolution of this particular class of giant exoplanets. We aim to derive the degree of alignment between planetary orbit and stellar spin angular momentum vectors and look for possible links with other orbital and fundamental physical parameters of the star-planet system. Here we focus on the characterisation of five transiting planetary systems (HAT-P-3, HAT-P-12, HAT-P-22, WASP-39 and WASP-60) and the determination of their sky-projected planet orbital obliquity through the measurement of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect. We used HARPS-N high-precision radial velocity measurements, gathered during transit events, to measure the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect in the target systems and determine the sky-projected angle between the planetary orbital plane and the stellar equator. The characterisation of stellar atmospheric parameters was performed exploiting the HARPS-N spectra, using line equivalent width ratios, and spectral synthesis methods. Photometric parameters of the five transiting exoplanets were re-analysed through 17 new light curves, obtained with an array of medium-class telescopes, and other light curves from the literature. Survey-time-series photometric data were analysed for determining the rotation periods of the five stars and their spin inclination. From the analysis of the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect we derived a sky-projected obliquity of {lambda}=21.2+/-8.7{deg}, {lambda=-54^+41^_-13_{deg}, {lambda=-2.1+/-3.0{deg}, lambda=0+/-11{deg} and lambda=-129+/-17{deg} for HAT-P-3 b, HAT-P-12 b, HAT-P-22 b, WASP-39 b and WASP-60 b, respectively. The latter value indicates that WASP-60 b is moving on a retrograde orbit. These values represent the first measurements of {lambda} for the five exoplanetary systems under study. The stellar activity of HAT-P-22 indicates a rotation period of 28.7+/-0.4-days, which allowed us to estimate the true misalignment angle of HAT-P-22 b, {psi}=24+/-18{deg}. The revision of the physical parameters of the five exoplanetary systems returned values fully compatible with those existing in the literature, with the exception of the WASP-60 system, for which, based on higher quality spectroscopic and photometric data, we found a more massive and younger star, and a larger and hotter planet.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/411/L46
- Title:
- Exoplanet magnetic fields
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/411/L46
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- An asymmetry between the ingress and egress times was observed in the near-UV light curve of the transit planet WASP-12b. Such asymmetry led us to suggest that the early ingress in the UV light curve of WASP-12b, compared to the optical observations, is caused by a shock around the planet, and that shocks should be a common feature in transiting systems. Here, we classify all the transiting systems known to date according to their potential for producing shocks that could cause observable light curve asymmetries.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/733/68
- Title:
- Exoplanet masses derived from RVs
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/733/68
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Exoplanet searches using radial velocity (RV) and microlensing (ML) produce samples of "projected" mass and orbital radius, respectively. We present a new method for estimating the probability density distribution (density) of the unprojected quantity from such samples. For a sample of n data values, the method involves solving n simultaneous linear equations to determine the weights of delta functions for the raw, unsmoothed density of the unprojected quantity that cause the associated cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the projected quantity to exactly reproduce the empirical CDF of the sample at the locations of the n data values. We smooth the raw density using nonparametric kernel density estimation with a normal kernel of bandwidth {sigma}. We calibrate the dependence of {sigma} on n by Monte Carlo experiments performed on samples drawn from a theoretical density, in which the integrated square error is minimized. We scale this calibration to the ranges of real RV samples using the Normal Reference Rule. The resolution and amplitude accuracy of the estimated density improve with n. For typical RV and ML samples, we expect the fractional noise at the PDF peak to be approximately 80n^-log2^. For illustrations, we apply the new method to 67 RV values given a similar treatment by Jorissen et al. (2001A&A...379..992J), and to the 308 RV values listed at exoplanets.org on 2010 October 20.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/PASP/123/412
- Title:
- Exoplanet Orbit Database
- Short Name:
- J/PASP/123/412
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a database of well determined orbital parameters of exoplanets, and their host stars' properties. This database comprises spectroscopic orbital elements measured for 427 planets orbiting 363 stars from radial velocity and transit measurements as reported in the literature. We have also compiled fundamental transit parameters, stellar parameters, and the method used for the planets discovery. This Exoplanet Orbit Database includes all planets with robust, well measured orbital parameters reported in peer-reviewed articles. The Database is available in a searcheable, filterable, and sortable form on the Web at http://exoplanets.org through the Exoplanets Data Explorer Table, and the data can be plotted and explored through the Exoplanet Data Explorer Plotter. We use the Data Explorer to generate publication-ready plots giving three examples of the signatures of exoplanet migration and dynamical evolution: We illustrate the character of the apparent correlation between mass and period in exoplanet orbits, the different selection biases between radial velocity and transit surveys, and that the multiplanet systems show a distinct semi-major axis distribution from apparently singleton systems.
