- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/525/A1
- Title:
- JHK photometry of CBJC 8 sources
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/525/A1
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The infrared cluster CBJC 8 is associated with a 6.7GHz methanol maser and a compact radio-continuum source, G85.40-0.00. It is located at a distance of about 8kpc. The aim is to study the characteristics of this distant and compact embedded cluster and derive the properties of its stellar population. We present new ground-based near- and mid-imaging observations of this region. The calibrated images were analysed together with archive Spitzer IRAC images. Based on the discovery of a considerable fraction of embedded sources with infrared excess emission that are concentrated within a radius around 16arcsec centred near the position of the compact HII region G85.40-0.00, we were able to confirm the presence of a very young embedded cluster. It was found to contain more than 58 members brighter than M_K_=2.6, with two-thirds of them showing significant near- or mid-IR excess emission. Spectral energy distributions and extrapolated total luminosities are presented for nine sources with large mid-infrared excesses that were measured in all four IRAC bands. For the brightest of these, G8540A, which is associated with a methanol maser and a compact HII region, we fitted a model of an infalling envelope plus disc plus central star to its observed 1.6 to 850um fluxes to get an idea of its physical properties. We also report the presence of a single 2.12um molecular hydrogen line emission knot near the centre of the cluster, suggesting the outflow activity.
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/118/177
- Title:
- JHK photometry of M31 spiral arm
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/118/177
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Deep high-resolution JHK images of a 2'x2' field around the OB association A24 near the 7kpc spiral arm in M31 were measured to yield photometric data of more than 3000 stars with the faintest magnitude being J=21.3, H=20.5, and K=19.6. The photometric data for the 1037 stars that are brightest in the K band are presented. Judging from the color-magnitude and the two-color diagrams, we find that the majority of the observed stars are AGB stars including large-amplitude variables. They are distributed smoothly over the observed field, and we find no clear evidence of varying extinction over the field for these red stars. The present sample includes bright AGB stars of M_K_<=-8 and about 30 young blue objects of (J-H)<0.75 that are brighter than M_J_~=-6.5.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/126/1916
- Title:
- JHK photometry of young clusters near the Sun
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/126/1916
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present a catalog of near-infrared surveys of young (<~a few 10^6^yr) stellar groups and clusters within 1kpc from the Sun, based on an extensive search of the literature from the past ten years. We find 143 surveys from 69 published articles, covering 73 different regions. The number distribution of stars in a region has a median of 28 and a mean of 100. About 80% of the stars are in clusters with at least 100 members. By a rough classification of the groups and clusters based on the number of their associated stars, we show that most of the stars form in large clusters. The spatial distribution of catalogued regions in the Galactic plane shows a relative lack of observed stellar groups and clusters in the range 270{deg}<l<60{deg} of Galactic longitude, reflecting our location between the Local and Sagittarius arms. This compilation is intended as a useful resource for future studies of nearby young regions of multiple star formation.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/355/1237
- Title:
- JHKs photometry of G287.84-0.82 members
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/355/1237
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have studied the properties of an infrared cluster embedded in the gas and dust of the southern part of the Carina nebula (NGC 3372), where the probable existence of current star formation has already been predicted. We used mid-infrared (A and C bands) and near-infrared (JHKs) images from the Midcourse Space Experiment and the Two-Micron All-Sky Survey, respectively, combined with an optical H{alpha} narrow-band filter image obtained at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory. The infrared star cluster has at least 17 members, and its parameters, radius and stellar density are in very good agreement with high- to intermediate-mass star formation scenarios. The detected infrared sources have roughly the same intrinsic infrared excess determined from their position in colour-colour and colour-magnitude diagrams, suggesting that these objects could be related to pre-main-sequence stars of high to intermediate mass. Furthermore, we present a low-dispersion spectrum of the LS 1883 (O9.5V) star located near the centre of the infrared cluster. The position of this object in the colour-colour and colour-magnitude infrared diagrams lies close to the reddening vector of a zero-age main-sequence O9V spectral-type star, and it seems to be the first star of this cluster to emerge. All these facts are consistent with the current star-forming scenarios associated with highly embedded star clusters.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/156/71
- Title:
- K2 Campaign 2: young disk-bearing stars in Sco & Oph
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/156/71
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The K2 Mission has photometrically monitored thousands of stars at high precision and cadence in a series of ~80-day campaigns focused on sections of the ecliptic plane. During its second campaign, K2 targeted over 1000 young stellar objects (YSOs) in the ~1-3 Myr {rho} Ophiuchus and 5-10 Myr Upper Scorpius regions. From this set, we have carefully vetted photometry from WISE and Spitzer to identify those YSOs with infrared excess indicative of primordial circumstellar disks. We present here the resulting comprehensive sample of 288 young disk-bearing stars from B through M spectral types and analysis of their associated K2 light curves. Using statistics of periodicity and symmetry, we categorize each light curve into eight different variability classes, notably including "dippers" (fading events), "bursters" (brightening events), stochastic, and quasi-periodic types. Nearly all (96%) of disk-bearing YSOs are identified as variable at 30-minute cadence with the sub-1% precision of K2. Combining our variability classifications with (circum)stellar properties, we find that the bursters, stochastic sources, and the largest amplitude quasi-periodic stars have larger infrared colors, and hence stronger circumstellar disks. They also tend to have larger H{alpha} equivalent widths, indicative of higher accretion rates. The dippers, on the other hand, cluster toward moderate infrared colors and low H{alpha}. Using resolved disk observations, we further find that the latter favor high inclinations, except for a few notable exceptions with close to face-on disks. These observations support the idea that YSO time-domain properties are dependent on several factors, including accretion rate and view angle.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/other/ApSS/365.112
- Title:
- Kinematic data for high luminosity stars
- Short Name:
- J/other/ApSS/365
- Date:
- 22 Feb 2022
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We calculated the median parallaxes for 47 OB associations including at least 10 stars with known Gaia DR2 parallaxes. A comparison between trigonometric and photometric parallaxes of OB associations reveals a zero-point offset of {Delta}_{pi}_=-0.11+/-0.04mas indicating that Gaia DR2 parallaxes are, on average, underestimated and the distances derived from them are overestimated. The correction of {Delta}_{pi}=-0.11 mas is consistent with the estimate that Arenou et al. (2018A&A...616A..17A) obtained for bright stars. An analysis of parallaxes of OB associations and high-luminosity field stars confirms our previous conclusion (Dambis et al., 2001AstL...27...58D) that the distance scale for OB stars established by Blaha and Humphreys (1989AJ.....98.1598B) must be reduced by 10-20%. Spurious systematic motions of 10-20km/s at the distances of 2-3kpc from the Sun are found to arise from the use of the uncorrected Gaia DR2 parallaxes.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/472/3887
- Title:
- Kinematic data for stars in OB-associations
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/472/3887
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We use stellar proper motions from the catalog TGAS (2016, Cat. I/337) to study the kinematics of OB-associations identified by Blaha and Humphreys (1989AJ.....98.1598B). The TGAS proper motions of OB-associations generally agree well with the Hipparcos proper motions. The parameters of the Galactic rotation curve obtained with TGAS and Hipparcos proper motions agree within the errors. The average internal velocity dispersion calculated for 18 OB-associations with more than 10 TGAS stars is sigma_v_=3.9km/s, which is considerably smaller, by a factor of 0.4, than the velocity dispersions derived from Hipparcos data. The effective contribution from binary OB-stars into the velocity dispersion sigma_v inside OB-associations is sigma_b_=1.2km/s. The median virial and stellar masses of OB-associations are equal to 7.1x10^5^ and 9.0x10^3^M_{sun}_, respectively. Thus OB-associations must be unbound objects provided they do not include a lot of dense gas. The median star-formation efficiency is epsilon=2.1%. Nearly one third of stars of OB-associations must lie outside their tidal radius. We found that the Per OB1 and Car OB1 associations are expanding with the expansion started in a small region of 11-27pc 7-10Myr ago. The average expansion velocity is 6.3km/s.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/783/131
- Title:
- Kinematic of stars in Galactic center
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/783/131
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present new kinematic measurements and modeling of a sample of 116 young stars in the central parsec of the Galaxy in order to investigate the properties of the young stellar disk. The measurements were derived from a combination of speckle and laser guide star adaptive optics imaging and integral field spectroscopy from the Keck telescopes. Compared to earlier disk studies, the most important kinematic measurement improvement is in the precision of the accelerations in the plane of the sky, which have a factor of six smaller uncertainties ({sigma}~10{mu}as/yr2). We have also added the first radial velocity measurements for eight young stars, increasing the sample at the largest radii (6''-12'') by 25%. We derive the ensemble properties of the observed stars using Monte Carlo simulations of mock data. There is one highly significant kinematic feature (~20{sigma}), corresponding to the well-known clockwise disk, and no significant feature is detected at the location of the previously claimed counterclockwise disk. The true disk fraction is estimated to be ~20%, a factor of ~2.5 lower than previous claims, suggesting that we may be observing the remnant of what used to be a more densely populated stellar disk. The similarity in the kinematic properties of the B stars and the O/WR stars suggests a common star formation event. The intrinsic eccentricity distribution of the disk stars is unimodal, with an average value of <e> =0.27+/-0.07, which we show can be achieved through dynamical relaxation in an initially circular disk with a moderately top-heavy mass function.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/870/32
- Title:
- Kinematics in young star clusters & associations
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/870/32
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Gaia mission has opened a new window into the internal kinematics of young star clusters at the sub-km/s level, with implications for our understanding of how star clusters form and evolve. We use a sample of 28 clusters and associations with ages from ~1-5Myr, where lists of members are available from previous X-ray, optical, and infrared studies. Proper motions from Gaia DR2 reveal that at least 75% of these systems are expanding; however, rotation is only detected in one system. Typical expansion velocities are on the order of ~0.5km/s, and in several systems, there is a positive radial gradient in expansion velocity. Systems that are still embedded in molecular clouds are less likely to be expanding than those that are partially or fully revealed. One-dimensional velocity dispersions, which range from {sigma}_1D_=1 to 3km/s, imply that most of the stellar systems in our sample are supervirial and that some are unbound. In star-forming regions that contain multiple clusters or subclusters, we find no evidence that these groups are coalescing, implying that hierarchical cluster assembly, if it occurs, must happen rapidly during the embedded stage.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/PAZh/32/906
- Title:
- Kinematics of Gould Belt Based on Open Clusters
- Short Name:
- J/PAZh/32/906
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have redetermined kinematic parameters of the Gould Belt using currently available data on the motion of nearby young (logt<7.91) open clusters, OB associations, and moving stellar groups. Our modeling shows that the residual velocities reach their maximum values of -4km/s for rotation (in the direction of Galactic rotation) and +4km/s for expansion at a distance from the kinematic center of 300pc. We have taken the following parameters of the Gould Belt center: R_0_=150pc and l_0_=128{deg}. The whole structure is shown to move relative to the local standard of rest at a velocity of 10.7+/-0.7km/s in the direction l=274+/-4{deg} and b=-1+/-3{deg}. Using the derived rotation velocity, we have estimated the virial mass of the Gould Belt to be 1.5 million solar masses.
