- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/II/46
- Title:
- Strong cyanogen stars
- Short Name:
- II/46
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- A cyanogen index for late-type giants, insensitive to surface gravity but sensitive to metallicity, is presented in the David Dunlap Observatory (DDO) photometric system. Observations were made using conventional single-channel photometers with 1P21 photomultiplier tubes on the 40cm and 90cm telescopes of Kitt Peak National Observatory. The original DDO filter set C was used (see Paper I, 1968AJ.....73..313M). Table 1 contains DDO photometry on 52 bright late-type giants for calibration. Most G8 to M0 stars, luminosity class III, V<4.0mag, north of {delta}=-10{deg}, supplement the original stars from Paper I. Table 4 includes both DDO and UBV photometry for stars from Schmitt (1967 thesis, Univ. Michigan, Ann Arbor) and Spinrad and Taylor (1967AJ.....72S.320S). Reddening values were computed using the method of McClure and Racine (1969AJ.....74.1000M).
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- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/561/A36
- Title:
- The LickX Spectra library
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/561/A36
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Collections of stellar spectra, often called stellar libraries, are useful in a variety of applications in the field of stellar populations. This is an attempt to improve the much-used Lick library of stellar spectra by removing jitter from the wavelength scale via cross-correlation, and calling the result the LickX library.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/161/170
- Title:
- The Swan: an approach to derive surface gravity
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/161/170
- Date:
- 20 Jan 2022
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Stellar light curves are well known to encode physical stellar properties. Precise, automated, and computationally inexpensive methods to derive physical parameters from light curves are needed to cope with the large influx of these data from space-based missions such as Kepler and TESS. Here we present a new methodology that we call "The Swan", a fast, generalizable, and effective approach for deriving stellar surface gravity (logg) for main-sequence, subgiant, and red giant stars from Kepler light curves using local linear regression on the full frequency content of Kepler long-cadence power spectra. With this inexpensive data-driven approach, we recover logg to a precision of ~0.02dex for 13822 stars with seismic logg values between 0.2 and 4.4dex and ~0.11dex for 4646 stars with Gaia-derived logg values between 2.3 and 4.6dex. We further develop a signal-to-noise metric and find that granulation is difficult to detect in many cool main-sequence stars (Teff<~5500K), in particular K dwarfs. By combining our logg measurements with Gaia radii, we derive empirical masses for 4646 subgiant and main-sequence stars with a median precision of ~7%. Finally, we demonstrate that our method can be used to recover logg to a similar mean absolute deviation precision for a TESS baseline of 27days. Our methodology can be readily applied to photometric time series observations to infer stellar surface gravities to high precision across evolutionary states.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/154/224
- Title:
- Transiting planets in young clusters from K2
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/154/224
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Detection of transiting exoplanets around young stars is more difficult than for older systems owing to increased stellar variability. Nine young open cluster planets have been found in the K2 data, but no single analysis pipeline identified all planets. We have developed a transit search pipeline for young stars that uses a transit-shaped notch and quadratic continuum in a 12 or 24 hr window to fit both the stellar variability and the presence of a transit. In addition, for the most rapid rotators (P_rot_<2 days) we model the variability using a linear combination of observed rotations of each star. To maximally exploit our new pipeline, we update the membership for four stellar populations observed by K2 (Upper Scorpius, Pleiades, Hyades, Praesepe) and conduct a uniform search of the members. We identify all known transiting exoplanets in the clusters, 17 eclipsing binaries, one transiting planet candidate orbiting a potential Pleiades member, and three orbiting unlikely members of the young clusters. Limited injection recovery testing on the known planet hosts indicates that for the older Praesepe systems we are sensitive to additional exoplanets as small as 1-2 R_{Earth}_, and for the larger Upper Scorpius planet host (K2-33) our pipeline is sensitive to ~4 R_{Earth}_ transiting planets. The lack of detected multiple systems in the young clusters is consistent with the expected frequency from the original Kepler sample, within our detection limits. With a robust pipeline that detects all known planets in the young clusters, occurrence rate testing at young ages is now possible.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/515/A16
- Title:
- UBVI light curves of NGC 884 variables
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/515/A16
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Recent progress in the seismic interpretation of field beta Cep stars has resulted in improvements of the physics in the stellar structure and evolution models of massive stars. Further asteroseismic constraints can be obtained from studying ensembles of stars in a young open cluster, which all have similar age, distance and chemical composition. To improve our comprehension of the beta Cep stars, we studied the young open cluster NGC 884 to discover new B-type pulsators, besides the two known beta Cep stars, and other variable stars. An extensive multi-site campaign was set up to gather accurate CCD photometry time series in four filters (U, B, V, I) of a field of NGC 884. The images were calibrated and reduced to transform the CCD frames into interpretable light curves. Various variability indicators and frequency analyses were applied to detect variable stars in the field.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/124/3061
- Title:
- uz,vz,bz,yz photometry in Coma cluster
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/124/3061
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have observed three fields of the Coma Cluster of galaxies with a narrowband (modified Stroemgren) filter system. Observed galaxies include 31 in the vicinity of NGC 4889, 48 near NGC 4874, and 60 near NGC 4839, complete to M_5500_=-18 in all three subclusters. Spectrophotometric classification finds all three subclusters of Coma to be dominated by red, E-type (elliptical/S0) galaxies with a mean blue fraction, f_B_, of 0.10.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/463/243
- Title:
- Variations of O-B stars in Mercator observations
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/463/243
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We selected a large sample of O-B stars that were considered as (candidate) slowly pulsating B, beta Cep, and Maia stars after the analysis of their Hipparcos data. We analysed both the Hipparcos data and our new seven passband Geneva data collected for these stars during the first three years of scientific operations of the Mercator telescope. We performed a frequency analysis for 28 targets with more than 50 high-quality Mercator observations to improve their variability classification. We searched for frequencies by using two independent frequency analysis methods and we applied a 3.6 S/N-level criterion to locate the significant peaks in the periodograms. In total we detected 60 frequencies, among which 32 new ones. We classified 21 objects as pulsating variables (7 new confirmed pulsating stars, including 2 hybrid beta Cep/SPB stars), 6 as non-pulsating variables (binaries or spotted stars), and 1 as photometrically constant stars. For the 27 confirmed variable stars in our sample, we give the values and the corresponding standard errors of the accepted frequencies, the amplitudes, the phases, the constant terms, and the residual standard deviations as found in the seven filters of the Geneva photometric system and in the Hp filter of the Hipparcos photometric system by fitting the data with a superposition of sinusoidal models with reference epoch HJD=2450000.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/AJ/152/192
- Title:
- WOCS. LXXII. A uvbyCaHb study of NGC 2506
- Short Name:
- J/AJ/152/192
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Precision uvbyCaH{beta} photometry of the metal-deficient, old open cluster NGC2506 is presented. The survey covers an area of 20'*20' and extends to V~18 for b-y and H{beta} and to V~17.0 for c_1_ and hk. For V brighter than 16.0, photometric scatter among the indices leads to the recovery of six known variables within the cluster core and five new variables in the outer 5' of the survey field. Proper motions, radial velocities, and precise multicolor indices are used to isolate a highly probable sample of cluster members from the very rich color-magnitude diagram. From 257 highly probable members at the cluster turnoff, we derive a reddening estimate of E(b-y)=0.042+/-0.001 (E(B-V)=0.058+/-0.001), where the errors refer to the internal standard errors of the mean. [Fe/H] is derived from the A/F dwarf members using both m_1_ and hk, leading to [Fe/H]=-0.296+/-0.011 (sem) and -0.317+/-0.004 (sem), respectively. The weighted average, heavily dominated by hk, is [Fe/H]=-0.316+/-0.033. Based on red giant members, we place an upper limit of +/-0.010 on the variation in the reddening across the face of the cluster. We also identify two dozen potential red giant cluster members outside the cluster core. Victoria-Regina isochrones on the Stromgren system produce an excellent match to the cluster for an apparent modulus of (m-M)=12.75+/-0.1 and an age of 1.85+/-0.05Gyr.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/617/A135
- Title:
- 20 years of photometric microlensing
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/617/A135
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Gaia DR2 offers unparalleled precision on stars' parallaxes and proper motions. This allows the prediction of microlensing events for which the lens stars (and any planets they possess) are nearby and may be well studied and characterised. We identify a number of potential microlensing events that will occur before the year 2035.5, 20 years from the Gaia DR2 reference epoch. We query Gaia DR2 for potential lenses within 100pc, extract parallaxes and proper motions of the lenses and background sources, and identify potential lensing events. We estimate the lens masses from Priam effective temperatures, and use these to calculate peak magnifications and the size of the Einstein radii relative to the lens stars' habitable zones. We identify 7 future events with a probability >10% of an alignment within one Einstein radius. Of particular interest is DR2 5918299904067162240 (WISE J175839.20-583931.6), magnitude G=14.9, which will lens a G=13.9 background star in early 2030, with a median 23% net magnification. Other pairs are typically fainter, hampering characterisation of the lens (if the lens is faint) or the ability to accurately measure the magnification (if the source is much fainter than the lens). Of timely interest is DR2 4116504399886241792 (2MASS J17392440-2327071), which will lens a background star in July 2020, albeit with weak net magnification (0.03%). Median magnifications for the other 5 high-probability events range from 0.3% to 5.3%. The Einstein radii for these lenses are 1-10 times the radius of the habitable zone, allowing these lensing events to pick out cold planets around the ice line, and filling a gap between transit and current microlensing detections of planets around very low-mass stars. We provide a catalogue of the predicted events to aid future characterisation efforts. Current limitations include a lack of many high-proper motion objects in Gaia DR2 and often large uncertainties on the proper motions of the background sources (or only 2-parameter solutions). Both of these deficiencies will be rectified with Gaia DR3 in 2020. Further characterisation of the lenses is also warranted to better constrain their masses and predict the photometric magnifications.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJ/457/L99
- Title:
- 25yr CaII-HK observations of F-K nearby stars
- Short Name:
- J/ApJ/457/L99
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We find a significant correlation between the magnetic and rotational moments for a sample of 112 lower main-sequence stars. The rotational moment is calculated from measurements of the rotation period in most of the stars (not from the projected rotational velocity inferred from Doppler broadening). The magnetic moment is computed from a database of homogeneous measurements of the mean level of Ca II H and K emission fluxes sampled for most of the stars over an interval of 25yr. The slope connecting the logarithm of the magnetic moment and the logarithm of the rotational moment is about +0.5-0.6, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of about +0.9. The scatter of points from the mean relation has a component that is natural and caused by decade-long surface variability.
