- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/465/2432
- Title:
- MiMeS magnetic analysis of O-type stars
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/465/2432
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We present the analysis performed on spectropolarimetric data of 97 O-type targets included in the framework of the Magnetism in Massive Stars (MiMeS) Survey. Mean least-squares deconvolved Stokes I and V line profiles were extracted for each observation, from which we measured the radial velocity, rotational and non-rotational broadening velocities, and longitudinal magnetic field B_l_. The investigation of the Stokes I profiles led to the discovery of two new multiline spectroscopic systems (HD 46106, HD 204827) and confirmed the presence of a suspected companion in HD 37041. We present a modified strategy of the least-squares deconvolution technique aimed at optimizing the detection of magnetic signatures while minimizing the detection of spurious signatures in Stokes V. Using this analysis, we confirm the detection of a magnetic field in six targets previously reported as magnetic by the MiMeS collaboration (HD 108, HD 47129A2, HD 57682, HD 148937, CPD-28 2561, and NGC 1624-2), as well as report the presence of signal in Stokes V in three new magnetic candidates (HD 36486, HD 162978, and HD 199579). Overall, we find a magnetic incidence rate of 7+/-3 per cent, for 108 individual O stars (including all O-type components part of multiline systems), with a median uncertainty of the B_l_ measurements of about 50G. An inspection of the data reveals no obvious biases affecting the incidence rate or the preference for detecting magnetic signatures in the magnetic stars. Similar to A- and B-type stars, we find no link between the stars' physical properties (e.g. T_eff_, mass, and age) and the presence of a magnetic field. However, the Of?p stars represent a distinct class of magnetic O-type stars.
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Search Results
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/456/2
- Title:
- MiMeS survey of magnetism in massive stars
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/456/2
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The MiMeS (Magnetism in Massive Stars) project is a large-scale, high-resolution, sensitive spectropolarimetric investigation of the magnetic properties of O- and early B-type stars. Initiated in 2008 and completed in 2013, the project was supported by three Large Program allocations, as well as various programmes initiated by independent principal investigators, and archival resources. Ultimately, over 4800 circularly polarized spectra of 560 O and B stars were collected with the instruments ESPaDOnS (Echelle SpectroPolarimetric Device for the Observation of Stars) at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope, Narval at the Telescope Bernard Lyot and HARPSpol at the European Southern Observatory La Silla 3.6m telescope, making MiMeS by far the largest systematic investigation of massive star magnetism ever undertaken. In this paper, the first in a series reporting the general results of the survey, we introduce the scientific motivation and goals, describe the sample of targets, review the instrumentation and observational techniques used, explain the exposure time calculation designed to provide sensitivity to surface dipole fields above approximately 100G, discuss the polarimetric performance, stability and uncertainty of the instrumentation, and summarize the previous and forthcoming publications.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/585/A21
- Title:
- M83 magnetic and gaseous spiral arms images
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/585/A21
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The magnetic field configurations in several nearby spiral galaxies contain magnetic arms that are sometimes located between the material arms. The nearby barred galaxy M83 provides an outstanding example of a spiral pattern seen in tracers of gas and magnetic field. We analyse the spatial distribution of magnetic fields in M83 and their relation to the material spiral arms. Isotropic and anisotropic wavelet transforms are used to decompose the images of M83 in various tracers to quantify structures in a range of scales from 0.2 to 10kpc. We used radio polarization observations at {lambda}6.2cm and {lambda}13cm obtained with the VLA, Effelsberg and ATCA telescopes and APEX sub-mm observations at 870{mu}m, which are first published here, together with maps of the emission of warm dust, ionized gas, molecular gas, and atomic gas. The spatial power spectra are similar for the tracers of dust, gas, and total magnetic field, while the spectra of the ordered magnetic field are significantly different. As a consequence, the wavelet cross-correlation between all material tracers and total magnetic field is high, while the structures of the ordered magnetic field are poorly correlated with those of other tracers. The magnetic field configuration in M83 contains pronounced magnetic arms. Some of them are displaced from the corresponding material arms, while others overlap with the material arms. The pitch angles of the magnetic and material spiral structures are generally similar. The magnetic field vectors at {lambda}6.2cm are aligned with the outer material arms, while significant deviations occur in the inner arms and, in particular, in the bar region, possibly due to non-axisymmetric gas flows. Outside the bar region, the typical pitch angles of the material and magnetic spiral arms are very close to each other at about 10{deg}. The typical pitch angle of the magnetic field vectors is about 20{deg} larger than that of the material spiral arms. One of the main magnetic arms in M83 is displaced from the gaseous arms similarly to the galaxy NGC6946, while the other main arm overlaps a gaseous arm, similar to what is observed in M51. We propose that a regular spiral magnetic field generated by a mean-field dynamo is compressed in material arms and partly aligned with them. The interaction of galactic dynamo action with a transient spiral pattern is a promising mechanism for producing such complicated spiral patterns as in M83.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/545/A113
- Title:
- MOJAVE IX. Core shift effects
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/545/A113
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We have investigated a frequency-dependent shift in the absolute position of the optically thick apparent origin of parsec-scale jets ("core shift" effect) to probe physical conditions in ultra-compact relativistic outflows in active galactic nuclei. We used multi-frequency Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA) observations of 191 sources carried out in 12 epochs in 2006 within the Monitoring Of Jets in Active galactic nuclei with VLBA Experiments (MOJAVE) program. The observations were performed at 8.1, 8.4, 12.1, and 15.4GHz. We implemented a method of determining the core shift vector based on (i) image registration by two-dimensional normalized cross-correlation and (ii) model-fitting the source brightness distribution to take into account a non-zero core component offset from the phase center.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/614/A100
- Title:
- Molecular clouds los magnetic field structure
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/614/A100
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Magnetic fields pervade in the interstellar medium (ISM) and are believed to be important in the process of star formation, yet probing magnetic fields in star formation regions is challenging. Aims. We propose a new method to use Faraday rotation measurements in small-scale star forming regions to find the direction and magnitude of the component of magnetic field along the line of sight. We test the proposed method in four relatively nearby regions of Orion A, Orion B, Perseus, and California. We use rotation measure data from the literature. We adopt a simple approach based on relative measurements to estimate the rotation measure due to the molecular clouds over the Galactic contribution. We then use a chemical evolution code along with extinction maps of each cloud to find the electron column density of the molecular cloud at the position of each rotation measure data point. Combining the rotation measures produced by the molecular clouds and the electron column density, we calculate the line-of-sight magnetic field strength and direction. In California and Orion A, we find clear evidence that the magnetic fields at one side of these filamentary structures are pointing towards us and are pointing away from us at the other side. Even though the magnetic fields in Perseus might seem to suggest the same behavior, not enough data points are available to draw such conclusions. In Orion B, as well, there are not enough data points available to detect such behavior. This magnetic field reversal is consistent with a helical magnetic field morphology. In the vicinity of available Zeeman measurements in OMC-1, OMC-B, and the dark cloud Barnard 1, we find magnetic field values of -23+/-38uG, -129+/-28uG, and 32+/-101uG, respectively, which are in agreement with the Zeeman measurements.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/571/A61
- Title:
- M31 polarization & magnetic structure
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/571/A61
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- The Andromeda Galaxy (M31) is the nearest grand-design spiral galaxy. Thus far, most studies in the radio regime concentrated on the 10kpc ring. The central region of M31 has significantly different properties than the outer parts: The star formation rate is low, and inclination and position angle are largely different from the outer disk. The existing model of the magnetic field in the radial range 6<=r<=14kpc is extended to the innermost part r<=0.5kpc to ultimately achieve a picture of the entire magnetic field in M 31. We combined observations taken with the VLA at 3.6cm and 6.2cm with data from the Effelsberg 100-m telescope to fill the missing spacings of the synthesis data. The resulting polarization maps were averaged in sectors to analyse the azimuthal behaviour of the polarized intensity (PI), rotation measure (RM), and apparent pitch angle ({phi}_obs_). We developed a simplified 3D model for the magnetic field in the central region to explain the azimuthal behaviour of the three observables. Our 3D model of a quadrupolar or dipolar dynamo field can explain the observed patterns in PI, RM, and {phi}_obs_, while a 2D configuration is not sufficient to explain the azimuthal behaviour. In addition and independent of our model, the RM pattern shows that the spiral magnetic field in the inner 0.5kpc points outward, which is opposite to that in the outer disk, and has a pitch angle of =~33{deg}, which is much larger than that of 8{deg}-19{deg} in the outer disk. The physical conditions in the central region differ significantly from those in the 10kpc ring. In addition, the orientation of this region with respect to the outer disk is completely different. The opposite magnetic field directions suggest that the central region is decoupled from the outer disk, and we propose that an independent dynamo is active in the central region.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/588/A114
- Title:
- M101 radio polarization & magnetic structure
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/588/A114
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We observed total and polarized radio continuum emission from the spiral galaxy M 101 at {lambda}{lambda}6.2cm and 11.1cm with the Effelsberg telescope. The angular resolutions are 2.5' (=5.4kpc) and 4.4' (=9.5kpc), respectively. We use these data to study various emission components in M 101 and properties of the magnetic field. Separation of thermal and non-thermal emission shows that the thermal emission is closely correlated with the spiral arms, while the non-thermal emission is more smoothly distributed indicating di ff usion of cosmic ray electrons away from their places of origin. The radial distribution of both emissions has a break near R=16kpc (=7.4'), where it steepens to an exponential scale length of L=~5kpc, which is about 2.5 times smaller than at R<16kpc. The distribution of the polarized emission has a broad maximum near R=12kpc and beyond R=16kpc also decreases with L=~5kpc. It seems that near R=16kpc a major change in the structure of M 101 takes place, which also a ff ects the distributions of the strength of the random and ordered magnetic field. Beyond R=16kpc the radial scale length of both fields is about 20kpc, which implies that they decrease to about 0.3uG at R=70kpc, which is the largest optical extent. The equipartition strength of the total field ranges from nearly 10uG at R<2kpc to 4uG at R=22-24kpc. As the random field dominates in M 101 (B_ran_/B_ord_=~2.4), wavelength-independent polarization is the main polarization mechanism. We show that energetic events causing H i shells of mean diameter <625pc could partly be responsible for this. At radii <24kpc, the random magnetic field depends on the star formation rate/area, {Sigma}_SFR_, with a power-law exponent of b=0.28+/-0.02. The ordered magnetic field is generally aligned with the spiral arms with pitch angles that are about 8{deg} larger than those of HI filaments.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/MNRAS/386/1881
- Title:
- New pulsar rotation measures
- Short Name:
- J/MNRAS/386/1881
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- We measured a sample of 150 pulsar rotation measures (RMs) using the 20-cm receiver of the Parkes 64-m radio telescope. 46 of the pulsars in our sample have not had their RM values previously published, whereas 104 pulsar RMs have been revised. We used a novel quadratic fitting algorithm to obtain an accurate RM from the calibrated polarization profiles recorded across 256MHz of receiver bandwidth. The new data are used in conjunction with previously known dispersion measures and the NE2001 electron-density model to study models of the direction and magnitude of the Galactic magnetic field.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/ApJS/253/48
- Title:
- New rotation measures from the CGPS
- Short Name:
- J/ApJS/253/48
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Faraday rotation provides a valuable tracer of magnetic fields in the interstellar medium; catalogs of Faraday rotation measures provide key observations for studies of the Galactic magnetic field. We present a new catalog of rotation measures derived from the Canadian Galactic Plane Survey, covering a large region of the Galactic plane spanning 52{deg}<l<192{deg}, -3{deg}<b<5{deg}, along with northern and southern latitude extensions around l~105{deg}. We have derived rotation measures for 2234 sources (4 of which are known pulsars), 75% of which have no previous measurements, over an area of approximately 1300deg^2^. These new rotation measures increase the measurement density for this region of the Galactic plane by a factor of 2.
- ID:
- ivo://CDS.VizieR/J/A+A/632/A12
- Title:
- NGC 891 and NGC 4565 radio images
- Short Name:
- J/A+A/632/A12
- Date:
- 21 Oct 2021
- Publisher:
- CDS
- Description:
- Cosmic-ray electrons (CREs) originating from the star-forming discs of spiral galaxies frequently form extended radio haloes that are best observable in edge-on galaxies, where their properties can be directly investigated as a function of vertical height above the disc. For the present study, we selected two nearby edge-on galaxies from the Continuum Halos in Nearby Galaxies - an EVLA Survey (CHANG-ES), NGC 891 and 4565, which differ largely in their detectable halo extent and their star- formation rates (SFRs). Our aim is to figure out how such differences are related to the (advective and/or diffusive) CRE transport in the disc and in the halo. We use wide-band 1.5 and 6GHz Very Large Array (VLA) observations obtained in the B, C, and D configurations, and combine the 6GHz images with Effelsberg observations to correct for missing short spacings. After subtraction of the thermal emission, we investigate the spatially resolved synchrotron spectral index distribution in terms of CRE spectral ageing. We further compute total magnetic field strengths assuming equipartition between the cosmic-ray (CR) energy density and the magnetic field, and measure synchrotron scale heights at both frequencies. Based on the fitted vertical profiles of the synchrotron intensity and on the spectral index profile between 1.5 and 6GHz, we create purely advective and purely diffusive CRE transport models by numerically solving the 1D diffusion-loss equation. In particular, we investigate for the first time the radial dependence of synchrotron and magnetic field scale heights, advection speeds, and diffusion coefficients, whereas previous studies of these two galaxies only determined global values of these quantities.
